The translation was printed in some American newspapers at the time. In German, Kulturkampf, a term coined by Rudolf Virchow, refers to the clash between cultural and religious groups in the campaign from 1871 to 1878 under Chancellor Otto von Bismarck of the German Empire against the influence of the Roman Catholic Church.
The term culture war is a loan translation ( calque) of the German Kulturkampf ('culture struggle').
